Like almost all of you, I was born and brought up in ignorance of our countrys past and so, without knowledge or authority to speak of what I neither saw nor have studied, I deem it necessary to quote the testimony of an illustrious Spaniard who in the beginning of the new era controlled the destinies of the Philippines and had personal knowledge of our ancient nationality in its last days. Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas consisted of eight chapters. in you a consciousness of our past, and to blot from your memory or to rectify what has To prove his point and refute the accusations of prejudiced Spanish writers against his race, Rizal annotated the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, written by the Spaniard Antonio Morga. From the earliest Spanish days ships were built in the islands, which might be considered evidence of native culture. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas - Tripod Perhaps "to make peace" then meant the same as "to stir up war." Young Spaniards out of bravado The practice of the southern pirates almost proves this, although in these piratical wars the Spaniards were the first aggressors and gave them their character. In the Spanish expedition to replace on its throne a Sirela or Malaela, as he is variously called, who had been driven out by his brother, more than fifteen hundred Filipino bowmen from the provinces of Pangasinan, Kagayan, and the Bisayas participated. Antonio de Morga: Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. Translated - JSTOR Kagayans and Pampangans. an ancient Filipino. religious chroniclers who were accustomed to see the avenging hand of God in the misfortunes and accidents of their enemies. Goiti did not take possession of the city but withdrew to Cavite and afterwards to Panay, which makes one suspicious of his alleged victory. Despite the colonizers claim that they were solely responsible for refining the Philippine islands, Rizals beliefs say otherwise. A Dominican brother describes a colleague's love of penance; he showed no longing to return to Spain, a rare thing indeed here. Filipinos had had minstrels who had memorized songs telling their genealogies and of the deeds ascribed to their deities. The image of the Holy Child of Cebu, which many religious writers believed was brought to Cebu by the angels, was in fact given by the worthy Italian chronicler of Magellan's expedition, the Chevalier Pigafetta, to the Cebuano queen. Among the Filipinos who aided the government when the Manila Chinese revolted, Argensola says there were 4,000 Pampangans "armed after the way of their land, with bows and arrows, short lances, shields, and broad and long daggers." Of the government of Dr. Santiago de Vera 5. were not Spaniards skilled enough to take his place, nor were his sons as expert as he. For fear of uprisings and loss of Spain's sovereignty over the islands, the inhabitants were disarmed, leaving them exposed to the harassing of a powerful and dreaded enemy. What would these same writers have said if the crimes committed by the Spaniards, the Portuguese and the Dutch in their colonies had been committed by the islanders? A missionary record of 1625 sets forth that the King of Spain had arranged with certain members of Philippine religious orders that, under guise of preaching the faith and making Christians, they should win over the Japanese and oblige them to make themselves of the Spanish party, and finally it told of a plan whereby the King of Spain should become also King of Japan. Rizal anotated Morga's Sucesos and published it in 1890. understand the relish of other Europeans for beefsteak a la Tartar which to them is Through the centuries, Jose Rizal has been known to be an earnest seeker of truth it is this characteristic that marked him as a great historian. Yet all of this is as nothing in comparison with. Estimating that the cost to the islands was but 800 victims a year, still the total would be more than 200,000 persons sold into slavery or killed, all sacrificed together with so many other things to the prestige of that empty title, Spanish sovereignty. He was born in Seville in 1559 and began serving the government in 1580. dish is the bagoong and whoever has tried to eat it knows that it is not considered Why did Rizal considered Morga's work a best account of Spanish Colonization in the Philippines? The Chinaman, who likes shark's meat, cannot bear Roquefort. Nevertheless in other lands, notably in Flanders, these means were ineffective to keep the church unchanged, or to maintain its supremacy, or even to hold its subjects. In spite of this promised compensation, the measures still seemed severe since those Filipinos were not correct in calling their dependents slaves. truth it is this characteristic that marked him as a great historian. Stated that nothing was changed in the original text. We even do not know, if in their wars the Filipinos used to make slaves of each other, though that would not have been strange, for the chroniclers tell of captives returned to their own people. These traditions were almost completely lost as well as the mythology and the The Jesuit, Father Alonso Sanchez, who visited the papal court at Rome and the There were, moreover, men in the Philippines who had fought at Lepanto and whose presence in Asia may well have seemed symbolic (Retana, 79*; Castro, Osario, 33; Lorenzo Perez, OMF., Pr. Product pricing will be adjusted to match the corresponding currency. Religion had a broad field awaiting it then in the Philippines where more than nine-tenths of the natives were infidels. What would Japan have been now The Sucesos is the work of an honest observer, himself a major actor in the drama of his time, a versatile bureaucrat, who knew the workings of the administration from the inside.It is also the first history of the Spanish Philippines to be written by a layman, as opposed to the religious chroniclers. the "conqueror's" intelligent right arm and the hero of the "conquest." Yet there were repeated shipwrecks of the But Morga could have made the same claim for himself he often gives the full text of letters and documents to support his statements. For him, the native populations of the Filipinos were self-sustaining and customarily spirited -it was because of the Spanish colonization that the Philippines rich culture and tradition faded to a certain extent. Other sources, however, claim that Rizal learned about Antonio Morga from his According to Gaspar Hakluyt Society. Of the government of Don Pedro de Acuiia 8. )), Theories of Personality (Gregory J. Feist), Conceptual Framework and Accounting Standards (Conrado T. Valix, Jose F. Peralta, and Christian Aris M. Valix), Principios de Anatomia E Fisiologia (12a. In this lesson, you will learn the importance of analyzing other peoples works in the past in order to gain a deeper understanding of our nation, with anticipation that you, too, may write a reliable historical fact of the Philippines. Still the incident contradicts the reputation for enduring everything which they have had. Spain's possessing herself of a province, that she pacified it. He was also a historian. By virtue of the last arrangement, of Magellan's expedition when it seized the shipping of friendly islands and even of The first English translation was published in London in 1868 and another English translation by Blair and Robertson was published in Cleveland in 1907. In Colin says the ancient Filipinos had minstrels who had memorized songs telling their genealogies and of the deeds ascribed to their deities. Historians, including Rizal, have noticed a definite bias, a lot of created stories and distorted facts in the book just to fit Morgas defense of the Spanish conquest. formal record of the earliest days of the Philippines as a Spanish colony. Cabaton, A., (Paris, 1914), 145Google Scholar. annotate it and publish a new edition. 27. committed by the Spaniards, the Portuguese and the Dutch in their colonies had been The Buhahayen people were in their own VitalSource is an academic technology provider that offers Routledge.com customers access to its free eBook reader, Bookshelf. J.S. nowadays it would be called a bit presumptuous. Death has always been the first sign of European civilization on its introduction in Morga's Malate, better Maalat, was where the Tagalog aristocracy lived after they were dispossessed by the Spaniards of their old homes in what is now the walled city of Manila. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (English: Events in the Philippine Islands) is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. A., The Philippine Islands 14931898, IX, 1545, 270.3.Google Scholar. It is not the fact that the Filipinos were unprotected before the coming of the Spaniards. : En casa de Geronymo Balli. At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to: Analyze Rizals ideas on how to rewrite the Philippine History. title, Spanish sovereignty. had disarmed and left without protection. a plan whereby the King of Spain should become also King of Japan. SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS (REPORT) - YouTube Spain. leader was Don Agustin Sonson who had a reputation for daring and carried fire and In not more than five (5) sentences, write your own interpretation of Rizals statement on Torres-Navas, , V, 204.Google Scholar, 31. Translated and edited by James S. Cummins, Reader in Spanish, University College, London. Name ______________________________________ Score _____________, Course and Section _________________________ Date ______________. Of the government of Dr. Francisco de Sande 3. Rather than expose his two youngest children to the perils of the voyage Morga left them in Spain. By the One wonders why the Philippines could have a representative then but may not have one now. Torres-Navas, , V, 132.Google Scholar, 22. twenty-seven and is the only encomendero recorded to have left the great part of his Most of our eBooks sell as ePubs, available for reading in the Bookshelf app. Jesuit's line of reasoning, the heroic Spanish peasantry in their war for independence relationship may be found in the interference by the religious orders with the institutions It continued to work until 1805. Despite the colonizers claim that they were solely responsible for refining the personal knowledge of our ancient nationality in its last days. Indeed, for Rizal, the conquest of Spaniards contributed in part to the decline of Philippines rich tradition and culture. troops, there went 1,500 Filipino soldiers from the more warlike provinces, principally These were chanted on voyages in cadence with the rowing, or at festivals,. Morgas work, which is based partly on documentary research, keen observation, and partly on his personal involvement and knowledge, is said to be the best account of Spanish colonialism in the country. The Filipinos' favorite fish "They were very courteous and well-mannered," says San Agustin. covetousness of the encomendero, to judge from the way these gentry misbehaved. This was accomplished "without expense to the royal treasury." Spanish conquistador, gov't official, and historical anthropologist; author of Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas (Events in the Philippine Islands). corporations and the like, charged to the Philippines, with salaries paid out of the Campo, and Captains Francisco Palaot, Juan Lit, Luis Lont, and Agustin Lont. The expeditions captained by Columbus and Magellan, one a Genoese Italian and the True also is it that it was to gain the Moluccas that Spain kept the Philippines, the desire for the rich spice islands being one of the most powerful arguments when, because of their expense to him, the King thought of withdrawing and abandoning them. What do you think is the meaning of Rizals statement: If the book (Sucesos) succeeds to awaken your consciousness of our past, already effaced from your memory, and to rectify what has been falsified and slandered, then I have not worked in vain, and with this as a basis, however small it may be, we shall be able to study the future? Deputy Governor in the country, he reinstated the Audiencia, taking over the function of Young Spaniards out of bravado fired at his feet but he passed on as if unconscious of the bullets. sword into the country, killing many, including the chief, Kabadi. The causes which ended the In the time of Governor Gomez Perez Dasmarias, Manila was guarded against further damage such as was suffered from Li Ma-hong by the construction of a massive stone wall around it. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga By the Christian religion, Doctor Morga appears to mean the Roman Catholic which by fire and sword he would preserve in its purity in the Philippines. Historians have confused these personages. All of these doubtless would have accepted the Light and the true religion if the friars, under pretext of preaching to them, had not abused their hospitality and if behind the name Religion had not lurked the unnamed Domination. lack of master foundry men shows that after the death of the Filipino Panday Pira there Accordingly Legaspi did not arrive in Manila on the 19th but on the 20th of May and consequently it was not on the festival of Santa Potenciana but on San Baudelio's day. Morga says that the 250 Chinese oarsmen who manned Governor Dasmarias' swift galley were under pay and had the special favor of not being chained to their benches. against Dutch corsairs, but suffered defeat and barely survived. The Buhahayen people were in their own country, and had neither offended nor declared war upon the Spaniards. Still the Spaniards say that the Filipinos have contributed nothing to Mother Spain, and that it is the islands which owe everything. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas - Wikipedia [2], The work greatly impressed the Philippine national hero Jos Rizal and decided to annotate it and publish a new edition and began working on it in London and completing it in Paris in 1890. Torres-Navas, , V, items No. In corroboration of this may be cited the claims that Japan fell within the Pope's demarcation lines for Spanish expansion and so there was complaint of missionaries other than Spanish there. Her zamanki yerlerde hibir eletiri bulamadk. The raid by Datus Sali and Silonga of Mindanao, in 1599 with 50 sailing vessels Their coats of mail Written with Jose Rizal, Europe 1889 as a signature, the following Preface was indicated in Rizals Annotation (From Annotations to Dr. Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, n.d., as translated in English): To the Filipinos: In Noli Me Tangere (The Social Cancer) I started to sketch the present state of our native land. three Filipinos, a Portuguese and a skilled Spanish pilot whom he kept as guides in his animal of his own, and then made the promise which he kept, to do away with the fact admits that he abandoned writing a political history because Morga had already This book narrates observations about the Filipinos and the Philippines from the perspective of the Spaniards. Morga shows that the ancient Filipinos had army and navy with artillery and other 42. there. The discovery, conquest and conversion cost Spanish blood but still more Filipino blood. of Romans, often quoted by Spaniard's, that they made a desert, calling it making The barbarous tribes in Mindanao still have the same taste. What were the reasons why Rizal chose to reprint Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas or Events in [sic] the Philippine Islands by Dr. Morga rather than some other contemporary historical accounts of the philippines? Father Chirino's work, printed at Rome in "pacify," later came to have a sort of ironical signification. Lesson 1. Later, there was talk of sabotage during these preparations two holes were bored in one of the ships one night, and it began to sink, and the sails were taken out and hidden in the woods. The book was an unbiased presentation of 16th century Filipino culture. December 28, 1970 after death to "Kalualhatian," the abode of the spirit, there was a dangerous river to relations with the Philippines. Elsewhere Morga says he arrived on 10 June (Retaria, , 45*).Google Scholar, 6. mountains by two Friars who had a numerous escort of Pampangans. Islas Filipinas, which, according to many scholars, had an honest description of the further damage such as was suffered from Li Ma-hong by the construction of a massive The study of ethnology Three centuries ago it was the custom to write as intolerantly as Morga does, but nowadays it would be called a bit presumptuous. The "pacification" of Kagayan was accomplished by taking advantage of the Rizal began his work in London and completed it in Paris in 1890. because of their nonspiritual and factual contents since at that time, religious historians got complaints as they dwelt more of the friar's ill practices than the history of the Philippines and its people. Cebu, Panay, Luzon Mindoro and some others cannot be said to have adjacent islands. Morgas view on Filipino culture. The value of Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas has long been recognised. A missionary record of 1625 sets forth that had not its emperors uprooted Catholicism? conversions without other Filipinos along and a guard of soldiers. jealousies among its people, particularly the rivalry between two brothers who were The Filipino plant was burned with all that was in it save a One wonders why the Philippines could have a 800 victims a year, still the total would be more than 200,000 persons sold into slavery the Philippines. gathered, for the infidels wanted to kill the Friars who came to preach to them." To learn more about our eBooks, visit the links below: An account of the history of the Spanish colony in the Philippines during the 16th century. (This is a veiled allusion to the old Latin saying of Romans, often quoted by Spaniard's, that they made a desert, calling it making peace. The word "en trust," like "pacify," later came to have a sort of ironical signification. His book, published in 1609, ranges more widely than its title suggests since the Spanish were also active in China, Japan, Southeast Asia . Course and Section _________________________ Date______________, Name______________________________________ Score_____________. Filipinos possessed an independent culture before the arrival of the Spaniards 2. Other sources, however, claim that Rizal learned about Antonio Morga from his uncle, Jose Alberto, This knowledge about an ancient Philippine history written by a Spaniard came from the English Governor of Hong Kong, Sir John Browning, who had once paid his uncle a visit. which is based partly on documentary research, keen observation, and partly on his Published This was done by recreating the pre-Hispanic Philippine past, which knocked on the native's pride. nations, among them the Filipinos, where the sacrament of baptism made of the Un Codice desconocido, relative a las islas Filipinas. His book, published in 1609, ranges more widely than its title suggests since the Spanish were also active in China, Japan, Southeast Asia, Taiwan, the Moluccas, Marianas and other Pacific islands. Some references say that while in Europe, Rizal came across research papers published by eminent European scientists about ethnic communities in Asia one of them was Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt, author of Versucheiner Ethnographie der Philippinen. Rizal wrote to him and that was how their friendship began. They seem to forget that in almost every case the reason for the rupture has been some Morga's book was praised, quoted, and plagiarized, by contemporaries or successors. A new edition of First Series 39. Magellan himself inaugurated his arrival in the Marianes islands by burning more than forty houses, many small craft and seven people because one of his boats had been stolen. with them to Panay. In his dedication to complete his new edition of the Sucesos, he explained among other things, that the purpose of his work is: If the book (Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas) succeeds to awaken your consciousness of our past, already effaced from your memory, and to rectify what has been falsified and slandered, then I have not worked in vain, and with this as a basis, however small it may be, we shall be able to study the future., What, then, was Morgas purpose for writing the Sucesos? What would these same writers have said if the crimes In not more than five (5) sentences, write your own interpretation of Rizals statement on the left. MS Filipinas 340, lib. Spaniards.